Lubricating system for internal-combustion engines



s'. SEVERSON.

LUBRICATING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1920.

Patented Jan. 31, 1922. I

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Samuel Savers n11 S. SEVERSON. LUBRlCATlNG-SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1920.

Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

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IL'UETJECATIJBTG SYSTEM TQR INTERNAL-CUMBUSTIQN ENGINES. l

Application filed May is,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL SnvnRsoN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Valders in the county of Manitowoc and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lubricating Systems for Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in internal combustion engines, and pertains particularly to means for lubricating the same.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a simple, efficient and inexpensive lubricating system for use on different types of internal combustion engines, but especially on those Working on the two cycle principle.

Still another object of the invention is toprovide a gravity feed lubricating system which will positively and thoroughly lubricate all of the main working parts of an engine.

WVith these general objects in view the invention resides in the novel features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts which will be hereinafter more particularly described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a conventional form of a two cycle engine having my improved lubricating system applied thereto.

Figure 2 is a horizontal transverse section taken substantially on the plane of the line 2-2 of Figure 4.

Figures 3 and 4 are detail vertical sections taken substantially on the plane of the lines 33 and 44 of Figure 2. 7

Referring more particularly to these drawings, it will be seen that the reference character 1 denotes the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, for instance an engine of the two cycle type mounted upon a crank casing 2 and having a piston 3 reciprocable therein. This conventional structure also includes a crank shaft 4 having a crank 5 and connected through said crank pin and a connecting rod 6 with the piston 3. In most two cycle engines as now constructed, it is necessary to have oil in the crank case, to mix oil with the fuel or to use other or more complicated systems.

In the present embodiment of the inven- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 31, 11222.

1920. Serial No. eeaaaa tion a hollow wrist pin 7 is used for mounting the piston 3 on the end of the connecting rod 6 and one end of the pin is preferably closed as at 8 and the other end open, the open end, however being of a diameter considerably smaller than the inner diameter of the pin 7 as indicated at 9. Also the piston wall adjacent the open end of the wrist pin 7 is provided with a longitudinally extenda cover plate 11 in the form of an elongated bearing strip.

The cylinder wall Ladj acent the inner end thereof is provided with an opening 12 which communicates with a gravity feed lubricating fluid cup 13. This cup may be of any desired type and is supported onv the outside of the wall of the cylinder as is customary in mounting such devices.

The purpose of the cover plate 11 is to extend over this inlet opening 12 and to keep it closed at all times except when the movement of the piston 3 brings the axis of the wristpin 7 into alinement therewith. hen this occurs oil may flow from the cup 13 and through the inlet opening 12 into the hollow wrist-pin through a hole 14: in said plate, said hole being in alinement with the axis of said pin. Consequently since the inlet opening 12 and the hole 14: are only intermittently alined, it is necessary that the cover plate 11 extend inwardly of the interior edge of the piston 3 as shown in Figure 1.

A leaf spring of suitable designis located in the channel 10 between the bottom thereof and the adjacent surface of the cover plate 11 so as to continuousl urge the latter outwardly into contact with the cylinder wall. Therefore in order to cause oil to flow directly into the wrist-pin 7 from the hole 14, the latter is surrounded by a sleeve 16. This sleeve has an exterior diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the open end of the wrist-pin and is slidable therethrough upon movement of the cover plate 11. As indicated at 17 the wall of the opening 14: adjacent the outer face of the cover plate 11 is converged so that a sharp edge is formed.

The hollow wrist-pin thus provides an oil ing groove or channel 10 for the reception of reservoir from which lubricating fluid may tively thereof to an annular oil groove 20. formed in the piston wall. The'piston is thus readily lubricated, whereas the wristpin bearings and the crank pin bearing are lubricated by fluid which flows from the oil reservoir th'r ough intermediately located ducts 21. One of these ductsicommunicates with a passageway 22 in the connecting rod '6, the same extending'from the wrist-pin bearing to the crank p1n bearing. Inasmuch as the level of the 'oil in the wrist-pin adjacent the open end thereof will be at a higher level than at the closed end, owing to the viscosity of the oil and the relatively slow speed with which it enters, the wrist-pin openings of the ducts 18, 19 and 21 are disposed at different levels. In other words the openings of the ducts 18, 19 and 21 are ,in progressively lower planes from theopen end of the wrist-pin toward the closed end principal and important working parts of an engine, such as the piston and cylinder walls and wrist-pin and crank pin bearings may be lubricated through a supply of oil in a single oil cup located exteriorly of the engine cylinder. However, sh uld 1t be necessary other parts of the engine might Well be lubricated from the supply located in the oil reservoir formed within the hollow wrist-pin. Consequently various changes may be made in the form and proportion of the different parts of the apparatus without departing from the principles of the invention or sacrificing any ofthe advanta es. claim:

1. In an engine lubricating system, 2. cyl

inder, a piston reciprocable therein and hava sleeve extending laterally from the plate 7 and surrounding said hole, said sleeve being slidable in said piston wall passage.

2. In an engine lubricating system, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein and having a hollow wrist-pin, one end of said wrist-pin being open, a lubricating fluid supply opening through the cylinderwall adapted to have the open end of the wristpin intermittently alined therewith, and

lubricating fluid ducts extending from the pin to parts to be lubricated, the wrist-pin ends of said ducts being in successively lower planes from the said open end of the pin toward the opposite end. 4

3. In an engine lubricating system, a cyl inder, a piston reciprocable therein and having a hollow wrist-pin, a lubricating fluid passage. through the piston wall in alignment with the wrist-pin and having communication with the interior thereof, a lubricating fluid supply opening through the cylinder wall, and adapted .to have said fluid passage intermittently aligned therewith when the engine is in operation, an elongated plate carried by the piston and extending from the fluid passage longitudinally towards the crank shaft and covering the supply opening when the piston is moved inwardly beyond the same, and means urging said plate towards the cylinder wall, said means being exerted throughout the length of the plate.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand at Valders in the county of Manitowoc and State of Wisconsln.

SAMUEL SEVERSON. 

